Realistic environmental exposure to microplastics does not induce biological effects in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas

Messika Revel (1) , Amélie Châtel (1, 2) , Hanane Perrein-Ettajani (1, 2) , Mélanie Bruneau (1, 2) , Farida Akcha (3) , Rossana Sussarellu (3) , Julien Rouxel (3) , Katherine Costil (4) , Priscilla Decottignies (1) , Bruno Cognie (1) , Fabienne Lagarde (5) , Catherine Mouneyrac (1, 2)

1 MMS - Mer, molécules et santé EA 2160
2 BIOSSE - BIOlogie des populations, Stress, Santé, Environnement
3 IFREMER - Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer
4 BOREA - Biologie des Organismes et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques
5 IMMM - Institut des Molécules et Matériaux du Mans

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the presence and potential toxic effects of plastic fragments (< 400 μm) of polyethylene and polypropylene on the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Oysters were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 0.008, 10, 100 μg of particles/L) during 10 days, followed by a depuration period of 10 days in clean seawater. Effects of microplastics were evaluated on the clearance rate of organisms, tissue alteration, antioxidant defense, immune alteration and DNA damage. Detection and quanti-fication of microplastics in oyster's tissues (digestive gland, gills and other tissues) and biodeposits using infrared microscopy were also conducted. Microplastics were detected in oyster's biodeposits following exposure to all tested concentrations: 0.003, 0.006 and 0.05 particles/mg of biodeposits in oysters exposed to 0.008, 10 and 100 μg of particles/L, respectively. No significant modulation of biological markers was measured in organisms exposed to microplastics in environmentally relevant conditions.

Domains: Life Sciences [q-bio]; Ecotoxicology; Ecology, environment

Messika Revel, Amélie Châtel, Hanane Perrein-Ettajani, Mélanie Bruneau, Farida Akcha, et al.. Realistic environmental exposure to microplastics does not induce biological effects in the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 2020, ⟨10.1016/j.marpolbul.2019.110627⟩. ⟨hal-02482996⟩