W. W. Anderson and G. L. Collingridge, Capabilities of the WinLTP data acquisition program extending beyond basic LTP experimental functions, J. Neurosci. Methods, vol.162, pp.346-356, 2007.

M. Banay-schwartz, A. Lajtha, and M. Palkovits, Changes with aging in the levels of amino acids in rat CNS structural elements. I. Glutamate and related amino acids, Neurochem. Res, vol.14, pp.555-562, 1989.

T. G. Banke and S. F. Traynelis, Activation of NR1 ? NR2B NMDA receptors, Nat. Neurosci, vol.6, pp.144-152, 2003.

C. A. Barnes, Memory deficits associated with senescence: a neurophysiological and behavioral study in the rat, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol, vol.93, pp.74-104, 1979.

C. A. Barnes and B. L. Mcnaughton, An age comparison of the rates of acquisition and forgetting of spatial information in relation to longterm enhancement of hippocampal synapses, Behav. Neurosci, vol.99, pp.1040-1048, 1985.

C. A. Barnes, G. Rao, and J. Shen, Age-related decrease in the N-methyl-D-aspartateR-mediated excitatory postsynaptic potential in hippocampal region CA1, Neurobiol. Aging, vol.18, pp.445-452, 1997.

A. Baude, Z. Nusser, J. Roberts, E. Mulvihill, J. Mcllhinney et al., The metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluRl[alpha]) is concentrated at perisynaptic membrane of neuronal subpopulations as detected by immunogold reaction, Neuron, vol.11, pp.771-787, 1993.

J. Billard, Long-term depression in the hippocampal CA1 area of aged rats, revisited: contribution of temporal constraints related to slice preparation, PLoS ONE, vol.5, p.9843, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02325220

J. Billard, A. Jouvenceau, Y. Lamour, and P. Dutar, NMDA receptor activation in the aged rat: electrophysiological investigations in the CA1 area of the hippocampal slice ex vivo, Neurobiol. Aging, vol.18, pp.535-542, 1997.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02325690

K. Boric, P. Munoz, M. Gallagher, and A. Kirkwood, Potential adaptive function for altered long-term potentiation mechanisms in aging hippocampus, J. Neurosci, vol.28, pp.8034-8039, 2008.

R. J. Bridges, M. P. Kavanaugh, and A. R. Chamberlin, A pharmacological review of competitive inhibitors and substrates of high-affinity, sodium-dependent glutamate transport in the central nervous system, Curr. Pharm. Des, vol.5, pp.363-379, 1999.

J. P. Burke and J. J. Hablitz, Presynaptic depression of synaptic transmission mediated by activation of metabotropic glutamate receptors in rat neocortex, J. Neurosci, vol.14, pp.5120-5130, 1994.

P. Cavelier and D. Attwell, Tonic release of glutamate by a DIDS-sensitive mechanism in rat hippocampal slices, J. Physiol, vol.564, pp.397-410, 2005.

P. Cavelier, M. Hamann, D. Rossi, P. Mobbs, and D. Attwell, Tonic excitation and inhibition of neurons: ambient transmitter sources and computational consequences, Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol, vol.87, pp.3-16, 2005.

D. W. Choi, Glutamate neurotoxicity and diseases of the nervous system, Neuron, vol.1, pp.623-634, 1988.

D. A. Clayton and M. D. Browning, Deficits in the expression of the NR2B subunit in the hippocampus of aged Fisher 344 rats. Neurobiol, Aging, vol.22, pp.165-168, 2001.

M. L. Cotrina and M. Nedergaard, Astrocytes in the aging brain, J. Neurosci. Res, vol.67, pp.1-10, 2002.

E. J. Van-dam, A. Kamal, A. Artola, P. N. De-graan, W. H. Gispen et al., Group I metabotropic glutamate receptors regulate the frequency-response function of hippocampal CA1 synapses for the induction of LTP and LTD, Eur. J. Neurosci, vol.19, pp.112-118, 2004.

N. C. Danbolt, Glutamate uptake, Prog. Neurobiol, vol.65, pp.1-105, 2001.

D. Debanne, N. C. Gué-rineau, B. H. Gä-hwiler, and S. M. Thompson, Paired-pulse facilitation and depression at unitary synapses in rat hippocampus: quantal fluctuation affects subsequent release, J. Physiol, vol.491, pp.163-176, 1996.

F. Fonnum, Glutamate: a neurotransmitter in mammalian brain, J. Neurochem, vol.42, pp.1-11, 1984.

B. Potier, Presynaptic glutamate receptors depress excitatory monosynaptic transmission between mouse hippocampal neurones, Synaptic effects of reduced glutamate uptake in the aged rat hippocampus, vol.429, pp.1-16, 1990.

J. G. Greene and J. T. Greenamyre, Bioenergetics and glutamate excitotoxicity, Prog. Neurobiol, vol.48, pp.613-634, 1996.

B. Grintal, G. Champeil-potokar, M. Lavialle, S. Vancassel, S. Breton et al., Inhibition of astroglial glutamate transport by polyunsaturated fatty acids: evidence for a signalling role of docosahexaenoic acid, Neurochem. Int, vol.54, pp.535-543, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02666521

V. Gundersen, N. C. Danbolt, O. P. Ottersen, and J. Storm-mathisen, Demonstration of glutamate ? aspartate uptake activity in nerve endings by use of antibodies recognizing exogenous d-aspartate, Neuroscience, vol.57, pp.97-111, 1993.

G. E. Hardingham, H. Bading, Y. Fukunaga, and F. J. Arnold, The Yin and Yang of NMDA receptor signalling, Trends Neurosci, vol.26, pp.81-89, 2003.

M. A. Herman and C. E. Jahr, Extracellular glutamate concentration in hippocampal slice, J. Neurosci, vol.27, pp.9736-9741, 2007.

D. Jabaudon, K. Shimamoto, Y. Yasuda-kamatani, M. Scanziani, B. H. Gahwiler et al., Inhibition of uptake unmasks rapid extracellular turnover of glutamate of nonvesicular origin, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U S A, vol.96, pp.8733-8738, 1999.

A. Jouvenceau, P. Dutar, and J. M. Billard, Alteration of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic responses in CA1 area of the aged rat hippocampus: contribution of GABAergic and cholinergic deficits, Hippocampus, vol.8, pp.627-637, 1998.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02325681

G. Junjaud, E. Rouaud, F. Turpin, J. P. Mothet, and J. M. Billard, Agerelated effects of the neuromodulator D-serine on neurotransmission and synaptic potentiation in the CA1 hippocampal area of the rat, J. Neurochem, vol.98, pp.1159-1166, 2006.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00092619

A. Kamal, G. J. Biessels, W. H. Gispen, and I. Urban, Increasing age reduces expression of long-term depression and dynamic range of transmission plasticity in CA1 field of the rat hippocampus, Neuroscience, vol.83, pp.707-715, 1998.

M. Kollen, P. Dutar, and A. Jouvenceau, The magnitude of hippocampal long term depression depends on the synaptic location of activated NR2-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, Neuroscience, vol.154, pp.1308-1317, 2008.

M. Kollen, A. Stephan, A. Faivre-bauman, C. Loudes, P. M. Sinet et al., Preserved memory capacities in aged Lou ? C ? Jall rats, Neurobiol. Aging, vol.31, pp.129-142, 2010.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02325230

A. Kumar and T. C. Foster, Intracellular calcium stores contribute to increased susceptibility to LTD induction during aging, Brain Res, vol.1031, pp.125-128, 2005.

A. Kumar and T. C. Foster, Shift in induction mechanisms underlies an age-dependent increase in DHPG-induced synaptic depression at CA3-CA1 synapses, J. Neurophysiol, vol.98, pp.2729-2736, 2007.

L. Meur, K. Galante, M. Angulo, M. C. Audinat, and E. , Tonic activation of NMDA receptors by ambient glutamate of non-synaptic origin in the rat hippocampus, J. Physiol, vol.580, pp.373-383, 2007.

H. K. Lee, S. S. Min, M. Gallagher, and A. Kirkwood, NMDA receptorindependent long-term depression correlates with successful aging in rats, Nat. Neurosci, vol.8, pp.1657-1659, 2005.

R. Lujan, Z. Nusser, J. D. Roberts, R. Shigemoto, and P. Somogyi, Perisynaptic location of metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1 and mGluR5 on dendrites and dendritic spines in the rat hippocampus, Eur. J. Neurosci, vol.8, pp.1488-1500, 1996.

K. R. Magnusson, B. Scruggs, X. Zhao, R. Hammersmark, J. P. Mothet et al., A critical role for the glial-derived neuromodulator D-serine in the age-related deficits of cellular mechanisms of learning and memory, BMC Neurosci, vol.8, pp.267-274, 2006.

A. Najlerahim, P. T. Francis, and D. M. Bowen, Age-related alteration in excitatory amino acid neurotransmission in rat brain, Neurobiol. Aging, vol.11, pp.155-158, 1990.

J. Nickell, M. F. Salvatore, F. Pomerleau, S. Apparsundaram, and G. A. Gerhardt, Reduced plasma membrane surface expression of GLAST mediates decreased glutamate regulation in the aged striatum, Neurobiol. Aging, vol.28, pp.1737-1748, 2007.

C. M. Norris, D. L. Korol, and T. C. Foster, Increased susceptibility to induction of long-term depression and long-term potentiation reversal during aging, J. Neurosci, vol.16, pp.5382-5392, 1996.

G. Perea and A. Araque, Astrocytes potentiate transmitter release at single hippocampal synapses, Science, vol.317, pp.1083-1086, 2007.

B. Potier, F. Poindessous-jazat, P. Dutar, and J. M. Billard, NMDA receptor activation in the aged rat hippocampus, Exp. Gerontol, vol.35, pp.1185-1199, 2000.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02325400

M. T. Price, J. W. Olney, and R. Haft, Age-related changes in glutamate concentration and synaptosomal glutamate uptake in adult rat striatum, Life Sci, vol.28, pp.1365-1370, 1981.

R. Renden, H. Taschenberger, N. Puente, D. A. Rusakov, R. Duvoisin et al., Glutamate transporter studies reveal the pruning of metabotropic glutamate receptors and absence of AMPA receptor desensitization at mature calyx of held synapses, J. Neurosci, vol.25, pp.8482-8497, 2005.

E. S. Rosenzweig and C. A. Barnes, Impact of aging on hippocampal function: plasticity, network dynamics, and cognition, Prog. Neurobiol, vol.69, pp.143-179, 2003.

J. D. Rothstein, M. Dykes-hoberg, C. A. Pardo, L. A. Bristol, J. L. Kuncl et al., Knockout of glutamate transporters reveals a major role for astroglial transport in excitotoxicity and clearance of glutamate, Neuron, vol.16, pp.675-686, 1996.

I. Rozovsky, C. E. Finch, and T. E. Morgan, Age-related activation of microglia and astrocytes: in vitro studies show persistent phenotypes of aging, increased proliferation, and resistance to down-regulation, Neurobiol. Aging, vol.19, pp.97-103, 1998.

D. A. Rusakov, The role of perisynaptic glial sheaths in glutamate spillover and extracellular Ca(2 + ) depletion, Biophys. J, vol.81, pp.1947-1959, 2001.

D. A. Rusakov and D. M. Kullmann, Extrasynaptic glutamate diffusion in the hippocampus: ultrastructural constraints, uptake, and receptor activation, J. Neurosci, vol.18, pp.3158-3170, 1998.

P. Saransaari and S. S. Oja, Age-related changes in the uptake and release of glutamate and aspartate in the mouse brain, Mech. Ageing Dev, vol.81, pp.61-71, 1995.

M. Scanziani, P. A. Salin, K. E. Vogt, R. C. Malenka, and R. A. Nicoll, Usedependent increases in glutamate concentration activate presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors, Nature, vol.385, pp.630-634, 1997.

H. M. Schipper, Astrocytes, brain aging, and neurodegeneration, Neurobiol. Aging, vol.17, pp.467-480, 1996.

G. Segovia, A. Porras, D. Arco, A. Mora, and F. , Glutamatergic neurotransmission in aging: a critical perspective, Mech. Ageing Dev, vol.122, pp.1-29, 2001.

A. L. Sheldon and M. B. Robinson, The role of glutamate transporters in neurodegenerative diseases and potential opportunities for intervention, Neurochem. Int, vol.51, pp.333-355, 2007.

L. Shi, M. M. Adams, M. C. Linville, I. G. Newton, M. E. Forbes et al., Caloric restriction eliminates the aging-related decline in NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits in the rat hippocampus and induces homeostasis, Exp. Neurol, vol.206, pp.70-79, 2007.

B. Potier, DL-threo-beta-benzyloxyaspartate, a potent blocker of excitatory amino acid transporters, Synaptic effects of reduced glutamate uptake in the aged rat hippocampus, vol.53, pp.195-201, 1998.

W. E. Sonntag, S. A. Bennett, A. S. Khan, P. L. Thornton, X. Xu et al., Age and insulin-like growth factor-1 modulate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subtype expression in rats, Brain Res. Bull, vol.51, pp.331-338, 2000.

S. Benedetti, M. Cini, M. Fusi, R. Marrari, P. Dostert et al., The effects of aging on MAO activity and amino acid levels in rat brain, J. Neural Transm. Suppl, vol.29, pp.259-268, 1990.

E. Syková and L. Vargová, Extrasynaptic transmission and the diffusion parameters of the extracellular space, Neurochem. Int, vol.52, pp.5-13, 2008.

E. Sykova, T. Mazel, R. U. Hasenohrl, A. R. Harvey, Z. Simonova et al., Learning deficits in aged rats related to decrease in extracellular volume and loss of diffusion anisotropy in hippocampus, Hippocampus, vol.12, pp.269-279, 2002.

F. R. Turpin, B. Potier, J. R. Dulong, P. M. Sinet, J. Alliot et al., Reduced serine racemase expression contributes to age-related deficits in hippocampal cognitive function, Neurobiol. Aging, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02325222

A. V. Tzingounis and J. I. Wadiche, Glutamate transporters: confining runaway excitation by shaping synaptic transmission, Nat. Rev. Neurosci, vol.8, pp.935-947, 2007.

G. T. Vatassery, J. C. Lai, W. E. Smith, and H. T. Quach, Aging is associated with a decrease in synaptosomal glutamate uptake and an increase in the susceptibility of synaptosomal vitamin E to oxidative stress, Neurochem. Res, vol.23, pp.121-125, 1998.

R. Ventura and K. M. Harris, Three-Dimensional Relationships between Hippocampal Synapses and Astrocytes, J. Neurosci, vol.19, pp.6897-6906, 1999.

M. Vignes, V. Clarke, C. H. Davies, A. Chambers, D. E. Jane et al., Pharmacological evidence for an involvement of group II and group III mGluRs in the presynaptic regulation of excitatory synaptic responses in the CA1 region of rat hippocampal slices, Neuropharmacology, vol.34, pp.973-982, 1995.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00659464

J. I. Wadiche and C. E. Jahr, Patterned expression of Purkinje cell glutamate transporters controls synaptic plasticity, Nat. Neurosci, vol.8, pp.1329-1334, 2005.

G. L. Wenk and C. A. Barnes, Regional changes in the hippocampal density of AMPA and NMDA receptors across the lifespan of the rat, Brain Res, vol.885, pp.1-5, 2000.

D. D. Wheeler and J. G. Ondo, Time course of the aging of the high affinity L-glutamate transporter in rat cortical synaptosomes, Exp. Gerontol, vol.21, pp.159-168, 1986.

X. Zhang, H. Liu, J. Wu, X. Zhang, M. Liu et al., Metabonomic alterations in hippocampus, temporal and prefrontal cortex with age in rats, Neurochem. Int, vol.54, pp.481-487, 2009.

R. S. Zucker, Short-term synaptic plasticity, Annu. Rev. Neurosci, vol.12, pp.13-31, 1989.