Linear, Hypervalent Se-3(4-) Units and Unprecedented Cu4Se9 Building Blocks in the Copper(I) Selenide Ba4Cu8Se13
Résumé
Single-crystal and polycrystalline Ba4Cu8Se13 were synthesized; the average crystal structure was solved by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and the structural model was confirmed by a detailed electron microscopy study of polycrystalline Ba4Cu8Se13. The title compound can be rationalized as (Ba2+)(4)(Cu+)(8)(Se2-)(2)(Se-2(2-))(4)(Se-3(4-)) and crystallizes in a new structure type (space group C2/c with a = 9.171(8) angstrom, b = 9.146(8) angstrom, c = 27.35 (3) angstrom, beta = 93.21(3)degrees, and V = 2291 angstrom(3). It contains unprecedented Cu4Se9 fragments with planar Cu rectangles. These fragments form two-dimensional layers via regular (2c-2e) Se-Se bonds. Two of these layers are then connected in the third dimension via linear, hypervalent Se-3(4-) units, resulting in "sandwichlike", layered building blocks, which are stacked along c and separated by Ba. Ba4Cu5Se13 is the first example-where Se-2(2-) and Se-3(4-) groups coexist. We were able to visualize the crystal structure by recording HAADF images, which clearly reveal the Cu4Se9 fragments and linear Se-3(4-) units. The title compound is a charge-balanced semiconductor and possesses a large Seebeck coefficient (380 mu V K-1 at 200 K) and a low thermal conductivity (0.77 W m(-1) K-1 at 200 K) two requirements for efficient thermoelectric materials.