L. B. Mortensen, R. Past, and R. , Twelfth-Century English Historiography », dans E. M. tyler, Conceptualizing Multilingualism?, p.312

M. Swan and E. M. , Rewriting Old English in the Twelfth Century, The Vernaculars of Medieval England, pp.217-236, 2006.

M. B. Parkes, J. J. The-;-dans, M. T. Alexander, and . Gibson, Sur la hiérarchisation des langues et la répartition des domaines et des registres d'usage des langues au Moyen Âge, voir en dernier lieu la synthèse, French Proverbs from the Mouths of English Preachers ? », dans C. Bel, P. duMont et F. willaert éd., 'Contez me tout': mélanges de langue et de littérature médiévales offerts à Herman Braet, vol.44, pp.543-555, 1976.

M. , Anglo-Norman, Latin, and various hybrid languages were the norm rather than the exception, for merchants trading goods, for diplomats carrying information, for preachers, for workers and overseers on the manor, for agents and allies of Richard II and Henry IV, for poets at court and writers of texts in household miscellanies of medical recipes. Often, people were speaking, listening, writing, and reading across languages, for both communication and parody, expression and resistance. English, AngloNorman, and Latin were all living languages at the time. They were often combined at the sentence and lexical levels, but distributed differently and valued differently, unevenly, across the speech community. Only more writing, more play, more countercommentary can resist the work of authoritative language ideology, nous traduisons) : « In fourteenth-and ifteenth-century England, multilingual interactions in English, p.302, 2011.