Paradoxical inhibitory effect of serotonin on cortisol production from adrenocortical lesions causing Cushing's syndrome.

Estelle Louiset (1, 2) , Dorthe Cartier (1, 2) , Vincent Contesse (3) , Céline Duparc (1, 2) , Isabelle Lihrmann (1, 2) , J Young , Jérôme Bertherat (4, 5, 6, 7, 8) , Y. Reznik (9) , Jean-Marc Kuhn (3, 10) , A. Laquerriere (11) , H. Vaudry (2) , Hervé Lefebvre (1, 2, 10)

1 DC2N - Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine
2 DC2N - Différenciation et communication neuronale et neuroendocrine
3 Neuroendocrinologie cellulaire et moléculaire
4 UMR_S567 / UMR 8104 - Institut Cochin
5 EMD - [Institut Cochin] Département Endocrinologie, métabolisme, diabète (EMD)
6 Hôpital Cochin [AP-HP]
7 IFRAJ - Institut Fédératif de Recherche Alfred Jost
8 UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5
9 Service d'endocrinologie [CHU Caen]
10 Service d'endocrinologie, diabétologie et maladies métaboliques [Rouen]
11 Service d'Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologique [CHU Rouen]

In the human adrenal gland, serotonin (5-HT) stimulates cortisol production through a paracrine mechanism involving 5-HT4 receptors positively-coupled to adenylyl cyclase. A hyperresponsiveness of adrenocortical tissue to 5-HT has also been described in several cases of ACTH-independent bilateral macronodular adrenal hyperplasias (AIMAHs) and adenomas causing Cushing's syndrome. In the present study, we report two cases of cortisol-producing adrenocortical lesions, i.e., one AIMAH (case 1) and one adenoma (case 2), whose secretory activity was inhibited in vitro by 5-HT. The potencies (pIC50) and efficacies (Emax) of 5-HT to inhibit cortisol secretion were 8.2 +/- 0.4 and -64.1% +/- 7.5% in case 1, and 9.2 +/- 0.5 and -32.3% +/- 3.8% in case 2. The specific 5-HT4 antagonist GR 113808 failed to influence the 5-HT-induced decrease in cortisol production by the two tissues, indicating that the paradoxical inhibitory effect of 5-HT could not be accounted for by activation of eutopic 5-HT4 receptors. These results suggest that the tissues expressed aberrant 5-HT receptors. In conclusion, the present study provides the first evidence for an inhibitory effect of 5-HT on cortisol secretion in adrenocortical lesions causing Cushing's syndrome. Our data also suggest that expression of illegitimate membrane receptors by cortisol-producing adrenal hyperplasias and/or adenomas may convert a paracrine stimulatory factor into an inhibitory signal.

Domains: Life Sciences [q-bio]; Human health and pathology; Endocrinology and metabolism

Estelle Louiset, Dorthe Cartier, Vincent Contesse, Céline Duparc, Isabelle Lihrmann, et al.. Paradoxical inhibitory effect of serotonin on cortisol production from adrenocortical lesions causing Cushing's syndrome.. Endocrine Research, 2004, pp.951-4. ⟨hal-01928812⟩