J. G. Levin, M. Mitra, A. Mascarenhas, and K. Musier-forsyth, Role of HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein in HIV-1 reverse transcription, RNA Biol, vol.7, pp.754-774, 2010.

S. Lyonnais, R. J. Gorelick, F. Heniche-boukhalfa, S. Bouaziz, V. Parissi et al., A protein ballet around the viral genome orchestrated by HIV-1 reverse transcriptase leads to an architectural switch: from nucleocapsid-condensed RNA to Vpr-bridged DNA, Virus Res, vol.171, pp.287-303, 2013.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02122408

J. A. Thomas, W. J. Bosche, T. L. Shatzer, D. G. Johnson, and R. J. Gorelick, Mutations in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid protein zinc fingers cause premature reverse transcription, J. Virol, vol.82, pp.9318-9328, 2008.

J. L. Darlix, J. Godet, R. Ivanyi-nagy, P. Fosse, O. Mauffret et al., Flexible nature and specific functions of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein, J. Mol. Biol, vol.410, pp.565-581, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00666974

A. De-marco, B. Muller, B. Glass, J. D. Riches, H. G. Krausslich et al., Structural analysis of HIV-1 maturation using cryo-electron tomography, PLoS Pathog, vol.6, p.1001215, 2010.

A. H. Kaplan and R. Swanstrom, Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag proteins are processed in two cellular compartments, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A, vol.88, pp.4528-4532, 1991.

V. Karacostas, E. J. Wolffe, K. Nagashima, M. A. Gonda, and B. Moss, Overexpression of the HIV-1 gag-pol polyprotein results in intracellular activation of HIV-1 protease and inhibition of assembly and budding of virus-like particles, Virology, vol.193, pp.661-671, 1993.

D. E. Ott, L. V. Coren, and T. Shatzer, The nucleocapsid region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag assists in the coordination of assembly and Gag processing: role for RNA-Gag binding in the early stages of assembly, J. Virol, vol.83, pp.7718-7727, 2009.

B. Grigorov, D. Decimo, F. Smagulova, C. Pechoux, M. Mougel et al., Intracellular HIV-1 Gag localization is impaired by mutations in the nucleocapsid zinc fingers, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00258941

V. Dussupt, M. P. Javid, G. Abou-jaoude, J. A. Jadwin, J. De-la-cruz et al., The nucleocapsid region of HIV-1 Gag cooperates with the PTAP and LYPXnL late domains to recruit the cellular machinery necessary for viral budding, PLoS Pathog, vol.5, p.1000339, 2009.

J. A. Briggs, M. N. Simon, I. Gross, H. G. Krausslich, S. D. Fuller et al., The stoichiometry of Gag protein in HIV-1, Nat. Struct. Mol. Biol, vol.11, pp.672-675, 2004.

T. Jacks, M. D. Power, F. R. Masiarz, P. A. Luciw, P. J. Barr et al., Characterization of ribosomal frameshifting in HIV-1 gag-pol expression, Nature, vol.331, pp.280-283, 1988.

E. Bachrach, H. Dreja, Y. L. Lin, C. Mettling, V. Pinet et al., Effects of virion surface gp120 density on infection by HIV-1 and viral production by infected cells, Virology, vol.332, pp.418-429, 2005.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02262222

P. Zhu, E. Chertova, J. Bess, J. D. Lifson, L. O. Arthur et al., Electron tomography analysis of envelope glycoprotein trimers on HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus virions, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A, vol.100, pp.15812-15817, 2003.

S. Ivanchenko, W. J. Godinez, M. Lampe, H. G. Krausslich, R. Eils et al., Dynamics of HIV-1 assembly and release, PLoS Pathog, vol.5, p.1000652, 2009.

N. Jouvenet, P. D. Bieniasz, and S. M. Simon, Imaging the biogenesis of individual HIV-1 virions in live cells, Nature, vol.454, pp.236-240, 2008.

S. P. Goff, Fields Virology. 5th edn, vol.2, pp.1999-2070, 2007.

J. Votteler and W. I. Sundquist, Virus budding and the ESCRT pathway, Cell Host Microbe, vol.14, pp.232-241, 2013.

P. D. Bieniasz, The cell biology of HIV-1 virion genesis, Cell Host Microbe, vol.5, pp.550-558, 2009.

L. Verplank, F. Bouamr, T. J. Lagrassa, B. Agresta, A. Kikonyogo et al., , vol.101, 2001.

, Pr55(Gag), Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A, vol.98, pp.7724-7729

J. E. Garrus, U. K. Schwedler, O. W. Pornillos, S. G. Morham, K. H. Zavitz et al., Tsg101 and the vacuolar protein sorting pathway are essential for HIV-1 budding, Cell, vol.107, pp.55-65, 2001.

M. D. Stuchell, J. E. Garrus, B. Muller, K. M. Stray, S. Ghaffarian et al., The human endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT-I) and its role in HIV-1 budding, J. Biol. Chem, vol.279, pp.36059-36071, 2004.

S. J. Neil, T. Zang, and P. D. Bieniasz, Tetherin inhibits retrovirus release and is antagonized by HIV-1 Vpu, Nature, vol.451, pp.425-430, 2008.

J. R. Grover, G. N. Llewellyn, F. Soheilian, K. Nagashima, S. L. Veatch et al., Roles played by capsid-dependent induction of membrane curvature and Gag-ESCRT interactions in tetherin recruitment to HIV-1 assembly sites, J. Virol, vol.87, pp.4650-4664, 2013.

K. Janvier, A. Pelchen-matthews, J. B. Renaud, M. Caillet, M. Marsh et al., The ESCRT-0 component HRS is required for HIV-1 Vpu-mediated BST-2/tetherin down-regulation, 2011.

, PLoS Pathog, vol.7, p.1001265

B. Strack, A. Calistri, S. Craig, E. Popova, and H. G. Gottlinger, AIP1/ALIX Is a Binding Partner for HIV-1 p6 and EIAV p9 Functioning in Virus Budding, Cell, vol.114, pp.689-699, 2003.

U. K. Von-schwedler, M. Stuchell, B. Muller, D. M. Ward, H. Y. Chung et al., The protein network of HIV budding, Cell, vol.114, pp.701-713, 2003.

S. Popov, E. Popova, M. Inoue, and H. G. Gottlinger, Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag engages the Bro1 domain of ALIX/AIP1 through the nucleocapsid, J. Virol, vol.82, pp.1389-1398, 2008.

N. F. Bello, V. Dussupt, P. Sette, V. Rudd, K. Nagashima et al., Budding of retroviruses utilizing divergent L domains requires nucleocapsid, J. Virol, vol.86, pp.4182-4193, 2012.

K. Fujii, U. M. Munshi, S. D. Ablan, D. G. Demirov, F. Soheilian et al., Functional role of Alix in HIV-1 replication, Virology, vol.391, pp.284-292, 2009.

J. Martin-serrano, A. Yarovoy, D. Perez-caballero, and P. D. Bieniasz, Divergent retroviral late-budding domains recruit vacuolar protein sorting factors by using alternative adaptor proteins, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A, vol.100, pp.12414-12419, 2003.

L. Didierlaurent, L. Houzet, Z. Morichaud, J. L. Darlix, and M. Mougel, The conserved N-terminal basic residues and zinc-finger motifs of HIV-1 nucleocapsid restrict the viral cDNA synthesis during virus formation and maturation, Nucleic Acids Res, vol.36, pp.4745-4753, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00311686

L. Houzet, Z. Morichaud, L. Didierlaurent, D. Muriaux, J. L. Darlix et al., Nucleocapsid mutations turn HIV-1 into a DNA-containing virus, Nucleic Acids Res, vol.36, pp.2311-2319, 2008.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00273826

M. Mougel, L. Houzet, and J. L. Darlix, When is it time for reverse transcription to start and go?, Retrovirology, vol.6, p.24, 2009.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00420508

A. Zamborlini, N. Renault, A. Saib, and O. Delelis, Early reverse transcription is essential for productive foamy virus infection, PLoS One, vol.5, p.11023, 2010.

V. Baumgartel, S. Ivanchenko, A. Dupont, M. Sergeev, P. W. Wiseman et al., Live-cell visualization of dynamics of HIV budding site interactions with an ESCRT component, Nat. Cell Biol, vol.13, pp.469-474, 2011.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00959545

D. N. Krementsov, P. Rassam, E. Margeat, N. H. Roy, J. Schneider-schaulies et al., HIV-1 assembly differentially alters dynamics and partitioning of tetraspanins and raft components, Traffic, vol.11, pp.1401-1414, 2010.

J. Jin, N. M. Sherer, G. Heidecker, D. Derse, and W. Mothes, Assembly of the murine leukemia virus is directed towards sites of cell-cell contact, PLoS Biol, vol.7, p.1000163, 2009.

M. Gullberg, C. Göransson, and S. Fredriksson, Duolink-'In-cell Co-IP' for visualization of protein interactions in situ, Nat. Methods, vol.8, 2011.

P. Sette, V. Dussupt, and F. Bouamr, Identification of the HIV-1 NC binding interface in Alix Bro1 reveals a role for RNA, J. Virol, vol.86, pp.11608-11615, 2012.

N. Jouvenet, S. J. Neil, C. Bess, M. C. Johnson, C. A. Virgen et al., Plasma membrane is the site of productive HIV-1 particle assembly, PLoS Biol, vol.4, p.435, 2006.

M. Huang, J. M. Orenstein, M. A. Martin, and E. O. Freed, is required for particle production from full-length human immunodeficiency virus type 1 molecular clones expressing protease, p.6, 1995.

, J. Virol, vol.69, pp.6810-6818

A. Goff, L. S. Ehrlich, S. N. Cohen, and C. A. Carter, Tsg101 control of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Gag trafficking and release, J. Virol, vol.77, pp.9173-9182, 2003.

J. Martin-serrano, T. Zang, and P. D. Bieniasz, HIV-1 and Ebola virus encode small peptide motifs that recruit Tsg101 to sites of particle assembly to facilitate egress, Nat. Med, vol.7, pp.1313-1319, 2001.

S. B. Van-engelenburg, G. Shtengel, P. Sengupta, K. Waki, M. Jarnik et al., Distribution of ESCRT machinery at HIV assembly sites reveals virus scaffolding of ESCRT subunits, Science, vol.343, pp.653-656, 2014.

L. Houzet, Z. Morichaud, and M. Mougel, Fully-spliced HIV-1 RNAs are reverse transcribed with similar efficiencies as the genomic RNA in virions and cells, but more efficiently in AZT-treated cells, Retrovirology, vol.4, p.30, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00258943

M. Chamanian, K. J. Purzycka, P. T. Wille, J. S. Ha, D. Mcdonald et al., A cis-acting element in retroviral genomic RNA links Gag-Pol ribosomal frameshifting to selective viral RNA encapsidation, Cell Host Microbe, vol.13, pp.181-192, 2013.

O. A. Nikolaitchik and W. S. Hu, Deciphering the role of the Gag-Pol ribosomal frameshift signal in HIV-1 RNA genome packaging, J. Virol, vol.88, pp.4040-4046, 2014.

N. M. Bell and A. M. Lever, HIV Gag polyprotein: processing and early viral particle assembly, Trends Microbiol, vol.21, pp.136-144, 2013.

U. K. Von-schwedler, K. M. Stray, J. E. Garrus, and W. I. Sundquist, Functional surfaces of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid protein, J. Virol, vol.77, pp.5439-5450, 2003.

J. Lanman, J. Sexton, M. Sakalian, and P. E. Prevelige, Kinetic analysis of the role of intersubunit interactions in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 capsid protein assembly in vitro, J. Virol, vol.76, pp.6900-6908, 2002.

J. A. Briggs, T. Wilk, R. Welker, H. G. Krausslich, and S. D. Fuller, Structural organization of authentic, mature HIV-1 virions and cores, EMBO J, vol.22, pp.1707-1715, 2003.

R. J. Gorelick, D. J. Chabot, A. Rein, L. E. Henderson, and L. O. Arthur, The two zinc fingers in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid protein are not functionally equivalent, J. Virol, vol.67, pp.4027-4036, 1993.

L. Zargarian, C. Tisne, P. Barraud, X. Xu, N. Morellet et al., Dynamics of linker residues modulate the nucleic acid binding properties of the HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein zinc fingers, PLoS One, vol.9, p.102150, 2014.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01110583

A. E. Hulme, O. Perez, and T. J. Hope, Complementary assays reveal a relationship between HIV-1 uncoating and reverse transcription, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A, vol.108, pp.9975-9980, 2011.

A. S. Reicin, A. Ohagen, L. Yin, S. Hoglund, and S. P. Goff, The role of Gag in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 virion morphogenesis and early steps of the viral life cycle, J. Virol, vol.70, pp.8645-8652, 1996.

J. C. Paillart, M. Shehu-xhilaga, R. Marquet, and J. Mak, Dimerization of retroviral RNA genomes: an inseparable pair, Nat. Rev. Microbiol, vol.2, pp.461-472, 2004.

S. Cen, Y. Huang, A. Khorchid, J. L. Darlix, M. A. Wainberg et al., The role of Pr55(gag) in the annealing of tRNA3Lys to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomic RNA, 1999.

, J. Virol, vol.73, pp.4485-4488

A. H. Kaplan, M. Manchester, and R. Swanstrom, The activity of the protease of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 is initiated at the membrane of infected cells before the release of viral proteins and is required for release to occur with maximum efficiency, J. Virol, vol.68, pp.6782-6786, 1994.

C. Peng, N. T. Chang, and T. W. Chang, Identification and characterization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gag-pol fusion protein in transfected mammalian cells, J. Virol, vol.65, pp.2751-2756, 1991.

T. Wu, S. A. Datta, M. Mitra, R. J. Gorelick, A. Rein et al., Fundamental differences between the nucleic acid chaperone activities of HIV-1 nucleocapsid protein and Gag or Gag-derived proteins: biological implications, Virology, vol.405, pp.556-567, 2010.

A. K. Chen, P. Sengupta, K. Waki, S. B. Engelenburg, T. Ochiya et al., MicroRNA binding to the HIV-1 Gag protein inhibits Gag assembly and virus production, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A, vol.111, pp.2676-2683, 2014.

D. Sleiman, V. Goldschmidt, P. Barraud, R. Marquet, J. C. Paillart et al., Initiation of HIV-1 reverse transcription and functional role of nucleocapsid-mediated tRNA/viral genome interactions, Virus Res, vol.169, pp.324-339, 2012.

M. Bleck, M. S. Itano, D. S. Johnson, V. K. Thomas, A. J. North et al., Temporal and spatial organization of ESCRT protein recruitment during HIV-1 budding, Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. U.S.A, 2014.

S. Henriet, L. Sinck, G. Bec, R. J. Gorelick, R. Marquet et al., Vif is a RNA chaperone that could temporally regulate RNA dimerization and the early steps of HIV-1 reverse transcription, Nucleic Acids Res, vol.35, pp.5141-5153, 2007.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00167555

M. H. Malim and M. Emerman, HIV-1 accessory proteins--ensuring viral survival in a hostile environment, Cell Host Microbe, vol.3, pp.388-398, 2008.

J. Martin-serrano and S. J. Neil, Host factors involved in retroviral budding and release, Nat. Rev. Microbiol, vol.9, pp.519-531, 2011.

W. Weissenhorn and H. Gottlinger, Essential ingredients for HIV-1 budding, Cell Host Microbe, vol.9, pp.172-174, 2011.

C. Chamontin, B. Yu, P. J. Racine, J. L. Darlix, and M. Mougel, MoMuLV and HIV-1 nucleocapsid proteins have a common role in, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.43, issue.1, p.347, 2012.
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01923845

, genomic RNA packaging but different in late reverse transcription, PLoS One, vol.7, p.51534

H. Zhang, O. Bagasra, M. Niikura, B. J. Poiesz, and R. J. Pomerantz, Intravirion reverse transcripts in the peripheral blood plasma on human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals, J. Virol, vol.68, pp.7591-7597, 1994.

H. Zhang, G. Dornadula, and R. J. Pomerantz, Endogenous reverse transcription of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in physiological microenviroments: an important stage for viral infection of nondividing cells, J. Virol, vol.70, pp.2809-2824, 1996.

H. Zhang, Y. Zhang, T. P. Spicer, L. Z. Abbott, M. Abbott et al., Reverse transcription takes place within extracellular HIV-1 virions: potential biological significance, AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, vol.9, pp.1287-1296, 1993.

S. Breuer, M. W. Chang, J. Yuan, and B. E. Torbett, Identification of HIV-1 inhibitors targeting the nucleocapsid protein, J. Med. Chem, vol.55, pp.4968-4977, 2012.

A. A. Waheed and E. O. Freed, HIV type 1 Gag as a target for antiviral therapy, AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses, vol.28, pp.54-75, 2011.

G. S. Wallace, C. Cheng-mayer, M. L. Schito, P. Fletcher, L. M. Jenkins et al., Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nucleocapsid inhibitors impede trans infection in cellular and explant models and protect nonhuman primates from infection, J. Virol, vol.83, pp.9175-9182, 2009.