In Vitro Proliferation and Production of Cytokine and IgG by Human PBMCs Stimulated with Polysaccharide Extract from Plants Endemic to Gabon

Line Edwige Mengome (1, 2) , Aline Voxeur (1) , Jean-Paul Akué (3) , Patrice Lerouge (1)

1 Glyco-MEV - Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale
2 IPHAMETRA - Institut de Pharmacopée et de Médecine Traditionnelle
3 CIRMF - Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville

Polysaccharides were extracted from seven plants endemic to Gabon to study their potential immunological activities. Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) (5 × 10 5 cells/mL) proliferation, cytokine and immunoglobulin G (IgG) assays were performed after stimulation with different concentrations of polysaccharide fractions compared with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and concanavalin A (ConA) from healthy volunteers. The culture supernatants were used for cytokine and IgG detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results show that pectin and hemicellulose extracts from Uvaria klainei, Petersianthus macrocarpus, Trichoscypha addonii, Aphanocalyx microphyllus, Librevillea klaineana, Neochevalierodendron stephanii and Scorodophloeus zenkeri induced production levels that were variable from one individual to another for IL-12 (3–40 pg/mL), IL-10 (6–443 pg/mL), IL-6 (7–370 pg/mL), GM-CSF (3–170 pg/mL) and IFN-γ (5–80 pg/mL). Only hemicelluloses from Aphanocalyx microphyllus produce a small amount of IgG (OD = 0.034), while the proliferation of cells stimulated with these OPEN ACCESS Molecules 2014, 19 18544 polysaccharides increased up to 318% above the proliferation of unstimulated cells. However, this proliferation of PBMCs was abolished when the pectin of some of these plants was treated with endopolygalacturonase (p < 0.05), but the trend of cytokine synthesis remained the same, both before and after enzymatic treatment or saponification. This study suggests that these polysaccharides stimulate cells in a structure-dependent manner. The rhamnogalacturonan-I (RGI) fragment alone was not able to induce the proliferation of PBMC.

Keywords: human PBMCs; Gabon; endemic plants; hemicelluloses; pectins; cytokines; IgG

Domains: Chemical Sciences; Polymers; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Vegetal Biology; Plant breeding; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Cellular Biology; Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB]; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Biochemistry [q-bio.BM]; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Molecular biology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Genomics [q-bio.GN]; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Molecular Networks [q-bio.MN]; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Vegetal Biology; Phytopathology and phytopharmacy; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biotechnology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Development Biology; Gametogenesis; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Cellular Biology; Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC]

Line Edwige Mengome, Aline Voxeur, Jean-Paul Akué, Patrice Lerouge. In Vitro Proliferation and Production of Cytokine and IgG by Human PBMCs Stimulated with Polysaccharide Extract from Plants Endemic to Gabon. Molecules, 2014, 19 (11), pp.18543 - 18557. ⟨10.3390/molecules191118543⟩. ⟨hal-01842176⟩