Diatom-Specific Oligosaccharide and Polysaccharide Structures Help to Unravel Biosynthetic Capabilities in Diatoms

Bruno Gügi (1) , Tinaïg Le Costaouec (2) , Carole Burel (1) , Patrice Lerouge (1) , William Helbert (3) , Muriel Bardor (1, 4)

1 Glyco-MEV - Laboratoire de Glycobiologie et Matrice Extracellulaire Végétale
2 CERMAV - Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales
3 CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
4 IUF - Institut Universitaire de France

Diatoms are marine organisms that represent one of the most important sources of biomass in the ocean, accounting for about 40% of marine primary production, and in the biosphere, contributing up to 20% of global CO2 fixation. There has been a recent surge in developing the use of diatoms as a source of bioactive compounds in the food and cosmetic industries. In addition, the potential of diatoms such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum as cell factories for the production of biopharmaceuticals is currently under evaluation. These biotechnological applications require a comprehensive understanding of the sugar biosynthesis pathways that operate in diatoms. Here, we review diatom glycan and polysaccharide structures, thus revealing their sugar biosynthesis capabilities.

Keywords: EPS; nucleotide sugars; exopolysaccharides; polysaccharide; glycan; microalgae; diatom

Domains: Chemical Sciences; Polymers; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Vegetal Biology; Plant breeding; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Cellular Biology; Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB]; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Biochemistry [q-bio.BM]; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Molecular biology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Genomics [q-bio.GN]; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Molecular Networks [q-bio.MN]; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Vegetal Biology; Phytopathology and phytopharmacy; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Biotechnology; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Development Biology; Gametogenesis; Life Sciences [q-bio]; Cellular Biology; Subcellular Processes [q-bio.SC]

Bruno Gügi, Tinaïg Le Costaouec, Carole Burel, Patrice Lerouge, William Helbert, et al.. Diatom-Specific Oligosaccharide and Polysaccharide Structures Help to Unravel Biosynthetic Capabilities in Diatoms. Marine drugs, 2015, 13 (9), pp.5993 - 6018. ⟨10.3390/md13095993⟩. ⟨hal-01841076⟩